[Apr-2026] Latest DASCA SDS exam dumps and online Test Engine
DASCA SDS: Selling DASCA Data Scientist Products and Solutions
NEW QUESTION # 37
Bernoulli random variable is a type of:
- A. Both A and B
- B. Discrete random variable
- C. Continuous random variable
- D. Sometimes Discrete or sometimes Continuous random variable
Answer: B
Explanation:
A Bernoulli random variable is the simplest form of discrete random variable.
It can take only two values:
1 with probability p (success).
0 with probability (1 - p) (failure).
Since the outcomes are finite (binary), it is a discrete random variable.
Option B (Continuous): Incorrect, as continuous variables take values from an interval (e.g., real numbers).
Option C and D: Incorrect, as Bernoulli is always discrete, never continuous.
Thus, the correct answer is Option A (Discrete random variable).
Reference:
DASCA Data Scientist Knowledge Framework (DSKF) - Probability & Statistics for Data Science: Random Variables and Bernoulli Distribution.
NEW QUESTION # 38
SpamAssassin has been developed to detect:
- A. Spam emails
- B. None of the above
- C. Email with big attachments
- D. Email with virus
Answer: A
Explanation:
Apache SpamAssassin is one of the most widely used open-source tools for spam email detection.
It applies a rule-based system combined with Bayesian filtering, heuristics, and collaborative filtering methods to classify incoming emails as spam or legitimate.
Option A (Spam emails): Correct, this is the main function.
Option B (Big attachments): Incorrect. Large attachment filtering is not its primary purpose.
Option C (Email with virus): Incorrect. That falls under antivirus or malware detection tools, not SpamAssassin.
Option D: Incorrect since A is valid.
Thus, the correct answer is Option A (Spam emails).
Reference:
DASCA Data Scientist Knowledge Framework (DSKF) - Business Applications of Data Science: Email Filtering and Text Mining.
NEW QUESTION # 39
Which of the following statements is correct?
- A. Apache claimed that Spark is able to run parallel jobs 1000 times faster in memory and 100 times faster on disk in comparison to the traditional Hadoop MapReduce
- B. Apache claimed that Spark is able to run parallel jobs 100 times faster in memory and 10 times faster on disk in comparison to the traditional Hadoop MapReduce
- C. Apache claimed that Spark is able to run parallel jobs 50 times faster in memory and 5 times faster on disk in comparison to the traditional Hadoop MapReduce
- D. Apache claimed that Spark is able to run parallel jobs 10 times faster in memory and 100 times faster on disk in comparison to the traditional Hadoop MapReduce
Answer: B
Explanation:
Apache Spark is a distributed computing framework designed as an improvement over Hadoop's MapReduce.
According to the official Apache Spark documentation:
Spark can run workloads up to 100x faster in memory.
Spark can run workloads up to 10x faster on disk.
This performance gain comes from Spark's use of in-memory computation, DAG execution engine, and optimized query execution, compared to the slower, disk-heavy Hadoop MapReduce framework.
Thus, the correct statement is Option A.
Reference:
DASCA Data Scientist Knowledge Framework (DSKF) - Big Data Ecosystem: Spark vs Hadoop Performance Comparisons.
NEW QUESTION # 40
Which of the following is NOT an example of the applications of neural networks?
- A. Character recognition
- B. Stock market prediction
- C. None of the above
- D. Traveling salesman's problem
- E. Image compression
Answer: D
Explanation:
Neural networks have been widely applied in various domains:
Option A (Character recognition): Correct application - neural networks are highly effective for OCR (Optical Character Recognition).
Option B (Stock market prediction): Correct application - neural networks are used to model time-series and nonlinear patterns in finance.
Option D (Image compression): Correct application - neural nets (autoencoders) are used for dimensionality reduction and compression.
Option C (Traveling salesman's problem): NOT a typical neural network application. This is a combinatorial optimization problem usually solved with heuristics, dynamic programming, or optimization algorithms (not standard neural networks).
Thus, the correct answer is Option C (Traveling salesman's problem).
Reference:
DASCA Data Scientist Knowledge Framework (DSKF) - Machine Learning Applications of Neural Networks.
NEW QUESTION # 41
Spark should be used when:
- A. Data is not massive
- B. Data is massive
- C. Both A and B
- D. None of the above
Answer: B
Explanation:
Apache Spark is a distributed data processing engine optimized for big data scenarios. It is specifically designed to handle:
Large-scale datasets spread across clusters.
Massive streaming or batch data pipelines.
Machine learning and graph processing at scale.
Option A: Correct - Spark excels when data is massive and distributed.
Option B: Incorrect - Spark is overkill for small data (Pandas, NumPy, or scikit-learn would be more efficient).
Option C: Incorrect - Spark is not optimized for small datasets.
Option D: Incorrect - since A is valid.
Thus, Spark should be used when data is massive # Option A.
Reference:
DASCA Data Scientist Knowledge Framework (DSKF) - Big Data Processing: Apache Spark Applications.
NEW QUESTION # 42
Which of the following phases is NOT a Big Data Business Model Maturity Index?
- A. Business Optimization
- B. Data Monetization
- C. Business Monitoring
- D. Business Strategy
- E. Business Metamorphosis
Answer: D
Explanation:
The Big Data Business Model Maturity Index (BDBMMI) defines phases organizations pass through in leveraging data strategically:
Business Monitoring (A): Tracking metrics and reporting.
Business Insights (not listed in options but part of the framework).
Business Optimization (B): Using analytics to improve efficiency.
Data Monetization (D): Creating new revenue streams with data.
Business Metamorphosis (E): Transforming the business model through data.
Business Strategy (Option C): While strategy is essential, it is not one of the defined phases of BDBMMI.
Thus, the correct answer is Option C (Business Strategy).
Reference:
DASCA Data Scientist Knowledge Framework (DSKF) - Big Data Business Model Maturity Index (BDBMMI).
NEW QUESTION # 43
Business Intelligence (BI) is:
- A. BI focuses on reporting on the future state of the business
- B. BI focuses on "What happened?"
- C. Both A and B
- D. Both B and C
- E. BI focuses on descriptive analytics
Answer: C
Explanation:
Business Intelligence (BI) is primarily focused on descriptive analytics and reporting - understanding historical and current business performance.
Option A (Descriptive analytics): Correct. BI uses dashboards, reports, and OLAP tools to summarize what has occurred in the past.
Option B ("What happened?"): Correct. BI answers retrospective questions by analyzing transactional and operational data.
Option C (Future state): Incorrect. Predicting future business outcomes falls under predictive analytics or advanced analytics, not BI.
Thus, the correct answer is Option D (Both A and B).
Reference:
DASCA Data Scientist Knowledge Framework (DSKF) - Data Visualization & BI: Descriptive Analytics and Reporting.
NEW QUESTION # 44
ARIMA model is:
- A. Autoregressive moving average
- B. Autoreactive moving average
- C. Autointeractive moving average
- D. All of the above
- E. Autoresponsive moving average
Answer: A
Explanation:
ARIMA stands for AutoRegressive Integrated Moving Average, one of the most widely used models for time series forecasting.
AutoRegressive (AR): Model uses past values of the variable to predict future values.
Integrated (I): Differencing is applied to make the time series stationary.
Moving Average (MA): Model incorporates past forecast errors into predictions.
Option B: Correct - autoregressive + moving average is part of ARIMA's name.
Options A, C, D: Incorrect because these terms are not recognized statistical modeling frameworks.
Option E: Incorrect, since only B is valid.
Thus, the correct answer is Option B.
Reference:
DASCA Data Scientist Knowledge Framework (DSKF) - Analytics: Time Series Models (AR, MA, ARIMA).
NEW QUESTION # 45
Which of the following is the common evolutionary algorithm of neural networks?
- A. All of the above
- B. Genetic programming
- C. Genetic algorithm
- D. Evolution strategy
Answer: A
Explanation:
Evolutionary algorithms are optimization techniques inspired by natural selection. They are often applied in neural network optimization for evolving architectures, weights, or hyperparameters.
Genetic Algorithm (Option A): Uses selection, crossover, and mutation to evolve neural network parameters.
Genetic Programming (Option B): Evolves computer programs or expressions; can be applied to evolve neural network structures.
Evolution Strategy (Option C): Focuses on optimization using mutation and adaptation of parameters.
Since all are used as evolutionary approaches in neural networks, the correct answer is Option D (All of the above).
Reference:
DASCA Data Scientist Knowledge Framework (DSKF) - Neural Networks: Evolutionary Algorithms in Machine Learning.
NEW QUESTION # 46
What is Scrumban?
- A. It combines the principles of Scrum and Kanban into a pull-based system
- B. It is Kanban
- C. It combines the principles of Scrum and Kanban into a push-based system
- D. It is Scrum
Answer: A
Explanation:
Scrumban is a hybrid Agile methodology that merges Scrum and Kanban to take advantage of the strengths of both.
From Scrum, Scrumban adopts structured sprint planning, roles, and iterative review cycles.
From Kanban, it borrows the visual board system, continuous workflow management, and the pull-based approach, where tasks are pulled into the workflow only when capacity is available.
The pull-based system ensures that teams do not overload themselves and helps manage work-in-progress (WIP) effectively. This makes Scrumban particularly suitable for projects with frequent changes, ongoing maintenance tasks, or teams transitioning from Scrum to Kanban.
Thus, the correct answer is Option C.
Reference:
DASCA Data Scientist Knowledge Framework (DSKF) - Agile Project Management Techniques for Data Science.
NEW QUESTION # 47
The Big Data Vision Workshop process is ideal for organizations who:
- A. Both A and B
- B. All of the above
- C. Have a wealth of data that they do not know how to monetize
- D. Have a desire to leverage the Big Data Vision Workshop to identify where and how to leverage data and analytics to power their business models
- E. Have a desire to leverage Big Data to transform their business but do not know where and how to start
Answer: B
Explanation:
The Big Data Vision Workshop is an early-phase framework designed to help organizations shape their data- driven transformation journey. It is particularly beneficial when:
Option A: Organizations want to leverage big data but lack clarity on where to start.
Option B: Organizations already have large volumes of data but struggle to derive monetization strategies from it.
Option C: Organizations want to identify use cases where data and analytics can enhance or even redefine their business models.
Since all three statements apply, the correct answer is Option E (All of the above).
Reference:
DASCA Data Scientist Knowledge Framework (DSKF) - Business Applications of Data Science: Big Data Vision Workshop.
NEW QUESTION # 48
IoT is built on:
- A. None of the above
- B. Networks of data gathering devices
- C. Cloud Computing
- D. Both A and B
Answer: D
Explanation:
The Internet of Things (IoT) is an ecosystem of interconnected devices that collect, transmit, and analyze data. IoT relies on two critical foundations:
Option A (Cloud Computing): IoT generates massive amounts of data, and cloud platforms provide scalable storage, analytics, and computing resources for real-time and batch processing.
Option B (Networks of data gathering devices): IoT relies on physical devices - sensors, smart appliances, industrial machines - that collect and transmit data through networks (Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, 5G, LPWAN).
Thus, IoT is fundamentally built on both cloud computing and networks of devices, making Option C correct.
Reference:
DASCA Data Scientist Knowledge Framework (DSKF) - Big Data & IoT Ecosystem Fundamentals.
NEW QUESTION # 49
Which of the following can visualize variations in the base data, which can be used to identify outliers in the data for further investigation?
- A. Scatter Plot
- B. Histogram
- C. None of the above
- D. Trend Analysis
- E. Box Plots
Answer: E
Explanation:
Box plots (or Whisker plots) are statistical graphics that represent data distribution through:
Minimum, First Quartile (Q1), Median, Third Quartile (Q3), and Maximum.
Outliers are plotted as individual points beyond the whiskers.
This makes them particularly powerful for:
Identifying outliers in data.
Comparing distributions across categories.
Understanding variability in data.
Option A (Trend Analysis): Shows temporal patterns, not individual outliers.
Option C (Histogram): Shows frequency distribution but does not explicitly highlight outliers.
Option D (Scatter Plot): Shows relationships between variables but doesn't focus on statistical outliers in one distribution.
Thus, the correct answer is Option B (Box Plots).
Reference:
DASCA Data Scientist Knowledge Framework (DSKF) - Data Visualization Tools: Box Plots for Outlier Detection.
NEW QUESTION # 50
Which of the following is NOT a main data container in Python?
- A. Tuples
- B. LinkedList
- C. Dict
- D. Lists
Answer: B
Explanation:
Python's built-in data containers are widely used in data science and programming:
Lists (Option A): Ordered, mutable sequences.
Tuples (Option B): Ordered, immutable sequences.
Dict (Option D): Dictionaries, key-value data structures implemented using hash tables.
LinkedList (Option C): Python does not provide a native linked list as a built-in container. While linked lists can be implemented manually or through external libraries (e.g., collections.deque for efficient appends
/pops), they are not part of Python's main native containers.
Thus, the correct answer is Option C (LinkedList).
Reference:
DASCA Data Scientist Knowledge Framework (DSKF) - Programming for Data Science: Python Data Structures.
NEW QUESTION # 51
Which of the following architectural techniques is used for parallel processing?
- A. The SuperVector Technique
- B. Both A and B
- C. Very Long Instruction Words (VLIW) Technique
- D. Both B and C
- E. The Superscalar Technique
Answer: B
Explanation:
Parallel processing architectures are designed to execute multiple instructions or operations simultaneously:
Superscalar Technique (Option A): Uses multiple execution units so that several instructions can be issued and executed in parallel within a single CPU cycle.
VLIW Technique (Option B): Uses very long instruction words, where multiple operations are encoded into a single instruction and executed in parallel.
SuperVector (Option C): Refers to vector processors, which process large arrays of data but is not classified as a mainstream architectural parallel technique in modern CPU design.
Therefore, the primary architectural techniques for parallel processing are Superscalar and VLIW, making Option D (Both A and B) correct.
Reference:
DASCA Data Scientist Knowledge Framework (DSKF) - Data Engineering Architectures: Parallel and Distributed Processing.
NEW QUESTION # 52
Self-driving car is an example of:
- A. Supervised learning
- B. Unsupervised learning
- C. Reinforcement learning
- D. All of the above
Answer: C
Explanation:
Self-driving cars (autonomous vehicles) are an application of Reinforcement Learning (RL) in machine learning:
In RL, an agent (car) interacts with an environment (roads, obstacles, traffic) and learns to maximize rewards (e.g., safe driving, efficient navigation).
The system improves performance through trial-and-error learning, guided by reward signals such as staying in a lane or avoiding collisions.
Supervised learning (A): Used in some supporting tasks like image recognition (e.g., identifying stop signs), but not the core paradigm for self-driving.
Unsupervised learning (B): Useful for clustering sensor data, but again not the main paradigm.
Reinforcement learning (C): Correct, since self-driving fundamentally depends on RL decision-making.
Thus, the correct answer is Option C (Reinforcement Learning).
Reference:
DASCA Data Scientist Knowledge Framework (DSKF) - Machine Learning Paradigms: Reinforcement Learning and Autonomous Systems.
NEW QUESTION # 53
Which of the following can be classified as factor analysis in machine learning?
- A. Exploratory factor analysis
- B. None of the above
- C. Confirmatory factor analysis
- D. Both A and B
Answer: D
Explanation:
Factor analysis is a dimensionality reduction technique used to uncover latent variables (factors) that explain observed patterns of correlations in data. It is widely used in psychometrics, social sciences, and machine learning.
Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA, Option A): Used when the underlying factor structure is unknown, aiming to discover potential latent variables.
Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA, Option B): Used when there is a hypothesis about factor structure, and the goal is to confirm it statistically.
Both are valid approaches to factor analysis, hence the correct answer is Option C (Both A and B).
Reference:
DASCA Data Scientist Knowledge Framework (DSKF) - Dimensionality Reduction & Factor Analysis in Machine Learning.
NEW QUESTION # 54
Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE) is a way to frame:
- A. Small class of problems in HDFS
- B. Large class of problems in HDFS
- C. Both A and C
- D. Large class of problems in Data Science
- E. Small class of problems in Data Science
Answer: D
Explanation:
Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE) is a statistical method used to estimate the parameters of a model by maximizing the likelihood function - i.e., finding the parameters that make the observed data most probable.
Option A: Correct. MLE provides a framework for a large class of problems in data science, including regression, classification, generative models, and probabilistic inference.
Option B: Incorrect - it applies to many problems, not just a small subset.
Option C & D: Incorrect. HDFS (Hadoop Distributed File System) is a storage technology, unrelated to MLE.
Option E: Incorrect because C is invalid.
Thus, the correct answer is Option A (Large class of problems in Data Science).
Reference:
DASCA Data Scientist Knowledge Framework (DSKF) - Statistical Foundations: Maximum Likelihood Estimation and Inference in Data Science.
NEW QUESTION # 55
Which of the following is NOT a process of Use Case?
- A. Identify your key business stakeholders
- B. Brainstorm the outcomes that the key stakeholders need to answer to facilitate making the decisions
- C. Understand your organization's key business initiatives or business challenge
- D. Brainstorm the questions that the key stakeholders need to answer to facilitate making the decisions
- E. Capture the decisions that the key business stakeholders need to make in order to support the organization's key business initiatives
Answer: B
Explanation:
Use Case Development in data science projects involves identifying business needs and mapping analytics to business decisions. The standard steps include:
Option A: Understanding the key initiatives or challenges.
Option B: Identifying the key stakeholders.
Option C: Capturing the decisions stakeholders must make.
Option E: Brainstorming the questions stakeholders need answered to support decisions.
However:
Option D (Brainstorm the outcomes stakeholders need to answer): Incorrect phrasing. It is not "outcomes" that are brainstormed but questions and decisions.
Thus, the correct answer is Option D.
Reference:
DASCA Data Scientist Knowledge Framework (DSKF) - Business Use Case Development Process.
NEW QUESTION # 56
Which of the following is correct for Markov chain?
- A. Both A and B
- B. A Markov chain is the state of a system at sequential points in time
- C. A Markov chain is a sequence of fixed variables X1, X2
- D. Both B and C
- E. A Markov chain is a sequence of random variables X1, X2
Answer: D
Explanation:
A Markov chain is a stochastic process describing a sequence of possible events, where the probability of each event depends only on the state attained in the previous step (the Markov property).
Option A: Incorrect. The variables are random, not fixed.
Option B: Correct. Markov chains represent the state of a system at sequential time points.
Option C: Correct. A Markov chain is indeed a sequence of random variables {X1, X2, ...} that satisfy the Markov property.
Option D: Incorrect, since A is wrong.
Option E: Correct, because both B and C are valid.
Thus, the correct answer is Option E (Both B and C).
Reference:
DASCA Data Scientist Knowledge Framework (DSKF) - Probabilistic Models: Markov Chains.
NEW QUESTION # 57
What is Scrum?
- A. Scrum is a subset of Agile
- B. Scrum and Agile are the same
- C. Agile is a subset of Scrum
- D. None of the above
Answer: A
Explanation:
Scrum is a framework used to implement Agile principles. Agile itself is the overarching philosophy or mindset, while Scrum is one of the most popular frameworks that apply Agile values in practice.
Option A (Correct): Scrum is indeed a subset of Agile. Agile defines the principles (from the Agile Manifesto), and Scrum provides the structure (roles, artifacts, ceremonies).
Option B: Incorrect. Agile is broader and not a subset of Scrum.
Option C: Incorrect. Scrum and Agile are not the same; Agile is the philosophy, Scrum is a methodology under Agile.
Option D: Incorrect because Option A is valid.
Thus, the correct answer is Option A: Scrum is a subset of Agile.
Reference:
DASCA Data Scientist Knowledge Framework (DSKF) - Agile and Scrum in Data Science Projects.
NEW QUESTION # 58
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