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NEW QUESTION # 614
Capacity management enables organizations to:
- A. identify the extent to which components need to be upgraded.
- B. establish the capacity of network communication links.
- C. determine business transaction volumes.
- D. forecast technology trends.
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION # 615
Which of the following is the MOST effective mechanism for ensuring that critical IT operational problems are reported to executive management in a timely manner?
- A. Service level monitoring
- B. Periodic status reports
- C. Escalation procedures
- D. Regular meetings
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION # 616
Which of the following layer of an enterprise data flow architecture is concerned with transporting
information between the various layers?
- A. Data preparation layer
- B. Desktop Access Layer
- C. Application messaging layer
- D. Data access layer
Answer: C
Explanation:
Section: Information System Acquisition, Development and Implementation
Explanation/Reference:
Application messaging layer -This layer is concerned with transporting information between the various
layers. In addition to business data, this layer encompasses generation, storage and targeted
communication of control messages.
For CISA exam you should know below information about business intelligence:
Business intelligence(BI) is a broad field of IT encompasses the collection and analysis of information to
assist decision making and assess organizational performance.
To deliver effective BI, organizations need to design and implement a data architecture. The complete data
architecture consists of two components
The enterprise data flow architecture (EDFA)
A logical data architecture
Various layers/components of this data flow architecture are as follows:
Presentation/desktop access layer - This is where end users directly deal with information. This layer
includes familiar desktop tools such as spreadsheets, direct querying tools, reporting and analysis suits
offered by vendors such as Congas and business objects, and purpose built application such as balanced
source cards and digital dashboards.
Data Source Layer - Enterprise information derives from number of sources:
Operational data - Data captured and maintained by an organization's existing systems, and usually held in
system-specific database or flat files.
External Data - Data provided to an organization by external sources. This could include data such as
customer demographic and market share information.
Nonoperational data - Information needed by end user that is not currently maintained in a computer
accessible format.
Core data warehouse -This is where all the data of interest to an organization is captured and organized to
assist reporting and analysis. DWs are normally instituted as large relational databases. A property
constituted DW should support three basic form of an inquiry.
Drilling up and drilling down - Using dimension of interest to the business, it should be possible to
aggregate data as well as drill down. Attributes available at the more granular levels of the warehouse can
also be used to refine the analysis.
Drill across - Use common attributes to access a cross section of information in the warehouse such as
sum sales across all product lines by customer and group of customers according to length of association
with the company.
Historical Analysis - The warehouse should support this by holding historical, time variant data. An
example of historical analysis would be to report monthly store sales and then repeat the analysis using
only customer who were preexisting at the start of the year in order to separate the effective new customer
from the ability to generate repeat business with existing customers.
Data Mart Layer- Data mart represents subset of information from the core DW selected and organized to
meet the needs of a particular business unit or business line. Data mart can be relational databases or
some form on-line analytical processing (OLAP) data structure.
Data Staging and quality layer -This layer is responsible for data copying, transformation into DW format
and quality control. It is particularly important that only reliable data into core DW. This layer needs to be
able to deal with problems periodically thrown by operational systems such as change to account number
format and reuse of old accounts and customer numbers.
Data Access Layer -This layer operates to connect the data storage and quality layer with data stores in the
data source layer and, in the process, avoiding the need to know to know exactly how these data stores are
organized. Technology now permits SQL access to data even if it is not stored in a relational database.
Data Preparation layer -This layer is concerned with the assembly and preparation of data for loading into
data marts. The usual practice is to per-calculate the values that are loaded into OLAP data repositories to
increase access speed. Data mining is concern with exploring large volume of data to determine patterns
and trends of information. Data mining often identifies patterns that are counterintuitive due to number and
complexity of data relationships. Data quality needs to be very high to not corrupt the result.
Metadata repository layer - Metadata are data about data. The information held in metadata layer needs to
extend beyond data structure names and formats to provide detail on business purpose and context. The
metadata layer should be comprehensive in scope, covering data as they flow between the various layers,
including documenting transformation and validation rules.
Warehouse Management Layer -The function of this layer is the scheduling of the tasks necessary to build
and maintain the DW and populate data marts. This layer is also involved in administration of security.
Application messaging layer -This layer is concerned with transporting information between the various
layers. In addition to business data, this layer encompasses generation, storage and targeted
communication of control messages.
Internet/Intranet layer - This layer is concerned with basic data communication. Included here are browser
based user interface and TCP/IP networking.
Various analysis models used by data architects/ analysis follows:
Activity or swim-lane diagram - De-construct business processes.
Entity relationship diagram -Depict data entities and how they relate. These data analysis methods
obviously play an important part in developing an enterprise data model. However, it is also crucial that
knowledgeable business operative is involved in the process. This way proper understanding can be
obtained of the business purpose and context of the data. This also mitigates the risk of replication of
suboptimal data configuration from existing systems and database into DW.
The following were incorrect answers:
Desktop access layer or presentation layer is where end users directly deal with information. This layer
includes familiar desktop tools such as spreadsheets, direct querying tools, reporting and analysis suits
offered by vendors such as Congas and business objects, and purpose built application such as balanced
source cards and digital dashboards.
Data preparation layer -This layer is concerned with the assembly and preparation of data for loading into
data marts. The usual practice is to per-calculate the values that are loaded into OLAP data repositories to
increase access speed.
Data access layer - his layer operates to connect the data storage and quality layer with data stores in the
data source layer and, in the process, avoiding the need to know to know exactly how these data stores are
organized. Technology now permits SQL access to data even if it is not stored in a relational database.
The following reference(s) were/was used to create this question:
CISA review manual 2014 Page number 188
NEW QUESTION # 617
An IS auditor is evaluating the access controls for a shared customer relationship management (CRM) system.
Which of the following would be the GREATEST concern?
- A. Security baseline is not consistently applied
- B. Complex passwords are not required
- C. Audit logging is not enabled
- D. Single sign-on is not enabled
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION # 618
Which of the following environments is BEST used for copying data and transformation into a compatible data warehouse format?
- A. Replication
- B. Staging
- C. Development
- D. Testing
Answer: B
Explanation:
Explanation
The best environment for copying data and transforming it into a compatible data warehouse format is the staging environment. The staging environment is a temporary area where data from various sources are extracted, transformed, and loaded (ETL) before being moved to the data warehouse. The staging environment allows for data cleansing, validation, integration, and standardization without affecting the source or target systems. The testing environment is not suitable for copying data and transforming it into a compatible data warehouse format, as it is used for verifying and validating the functionality and performance of applications or systems. The replication environment is not suitable for copying data and transforming it into a compatible data warehouse format, as it is used for creating identical copies of data or systems for backup or recovery purposes. The development environment is not suitable for copying data and transforming it into a compatible data warehouse format, as it is used for creating or modifying applications or systems. References:
CISA Review Manual, 27th Edition, pages 475-4761
CISA Review Questions, Answers & Explanations Database, Question ID: 2642
NEW QUESTION # 619
Which of the following terms generally refers to small programs designed to take advantage of a software flaw that has been discovered?
- A. service pack
- B. exploit
- C. None of the choices.
- D. malware
- E. quick fix
- F. patch
Answer: B
Explanation:
Explanation/Reference:
Explanation:
The term ""exploit"" generally refers to small programs designed to take advantage of a software flaw that has been discovered, either remote or local.
The code from the exploit program is frequently reused in trojan horses and computer viruses. In some cases, a vulnerability can lie in a certain programs processing of a specific file type, such as a non- executable media file.
NEW QUESTION # 620
An IS auditor who is reviewing incident reports discovers that, in one instance, an important document left on an employee's desk was removed and put in the garbage by the outsourced cleaning staff. Which of the following should the IS auditor recommend to management?
- A. Stricter controls should be implemented by both the organization and the cleaning agency.
- B. A clear desk policy should be implemented and strictly enforced in the organization.
- C. No action is required since such incidents have not occurred in the past.
- D. A sound backup policy for all important office documents should be implemented.
Answer: A
Explanation:
Explanation/Reference:
Explanation:
An employee leaving an important document on a desk and the cleaning staff removing it may result in a serious impact on the business. Therefore, the IS auditor should recommend that strict controls be implemented by both the organization and the outsourced cleaning agency. That such incidents have not occurred in the past does not reduce the seriousness of their impact.
Implementing and monitoring a clear desk policy addresses only one part of the issue. Appropriate confidentiality agreements with the cleaning agency, along with ensuring that the cleaning staff has been educated on the dos and don'ts of the cleaning process, are also controls that should be implemented. The risk here is not a loss of data, but leakage of data to unauthorized sources. A backup policy does not address the issue of unauthorized leakage of information.
NEW QUESTION # 621
An organization has developed mature risk management practices that are followed across all departments What is the MOST effective way for the audit team to leverage this risk management maturity?
- A. Providing assurances to management regarding risk
- B. Facilitating audit risk identification and evaluation workshops
- C. Implementing risk responses on management's behalf
- D. Integrating the risk register for audit planning purposes
Answer: D
NEW QUESTION # 622
Naming conventions for system resources are important for access control because they:
- A. ensure that internationally recognized names are used to protect resources.
- B. ensure that resource names are not ambiguous.
- C. ensure that user access to resources is clearly and uniquely identified.
- D. reduce the number of rules required to adequately protect resources.
Answer: D
Explanation:
Naming conventions for system resources are important for the efficient administration of security controls. The conventions can be structured, so resources beginning with the same high-level qualifier can be governed by one or more generic rules. This reduces the number of rules required to adequately protect resources, which in turn facilitates security administration and maintenance efforts. Reducing the number of rules required to protect resources allows for the grouping of resources and files by application, which makes it easier to provide access. Ensuring that resource names are not ambiguous cannot be achieved through the use of naming conventions. Ensuring the clear and unique identification of user access to resources is handledby access control rules, not naming conventions. Internationally recognized names are not required to control access to resources. Naming conventions tend to be based on how each organization wants to identify its resources.
NEW QUESTION # 623
A design company has multiple name and address file for its customers in several of its independent
systems. Which of the following is the BEST control to ensure that the customer name and address agree
across all files?
- A. Matching of records and review of exception reports
- B. Periodic review of each master file by management
- C. Use of authorized master file change forms
- D. Use of hash totals on customer records
Answer: D
Explanation:
Section: Information System Acquisition, Development and Implementation
NEW QUESTION # 624
An IS auditor is reviewing database log settings and notices that only INSERT and DELETE operations are being monitored in the database. What is the MOST significant risk?
- A. Changes to existing records may not be logged
- B. Newly added records may not be logged
- C. Metadata may not be logged
- D. Purged records may not be logged
Answer: B
Explanation:
Section: Information System Operations, Maintenance and Support
NEW QUESTION # 625
A manufacturing firm wants to automate its invoice payment system. Objectives state that the system should require considerably less time for review and authorization and the system should be capable of identifying errors that require follow up. Which of the following would BEST meet these objectives?
- A. Establishing an inter-networked system of client servers with suppliers for increased efficiencies
- B. Establishing an EDI system of electronic business documents and transactions with key suppliers, computer to computer, in a standard format
- C. Outsourcing the function to a firm specializing in automated payments and accounts receivable/invoice processing
- D. Reengineering the existing processing and redesigning the existing system
Answer: B
Explanation:
Explanation/Reference:
Explanation:
EDI is the best answer. Properly implemented (e.g., agreements with trading partners transaction standards, controls over network security mechanisms in conjunction with application controls), EDI is best suited to identify and follow up on errors more quickly, given reduced opportunities for review and authorization.
NEW QUESTION # 626
During a database management evaluation, an IS auditor discovers that some accounts with database administrator (DBA) privileges have been assigned a default password with an unlimited number of failed login attempts. Which of the following is the auditor's BEST course of action?
- A. Request the IT manager to change administrator security parameters and update the finding.
- B. Document the finding and explain the risk of having administrator accounts with inappropriate security settings.
- C. Postpone the audit until adequate security and password management practices are established.
- D. Identify accounts that have had excessive failed login attempts and request they be disabled.
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION # 627
What is an effective control for granting temporary access to vendors and external support personnel?
- A. Creating user accounts that restrict logon access to certain hours of the day
- B. Creating user accounts that automatically expire by a predetermined date
- C. Creating permanent guest accounts for temporary use
- D. Creating a single shared vendor administrator account on the basis of least-privileged access
Answer: B
Explanation:
Explanation/Reference:
Explanation:
Creating user accounts that automatically expire by a predetermined date is an effective control for granting temporary access to vendors and external support personnel.
NEW QUESTION # 628
An IS auditor is reviewing an organization's business continuity plan (BCP) following a change in organizational structure with significant impact to business processes. Which of the following findings should be the auditor's GREATEST concern?
- A. Key business process end users did not participate in the business impact " analysis (BIA)
- B. Copies of the BCP have not been distributed to new business unit end users sjnce the reorganization
- C. A test plan for the BCP has not been completed during the last two years
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION # 629
A system administrator recently informed the IS auditor about the occurrence of several unsuccessful intrusion attempts from outside the organization. Which of the following is MOST effective in detecting such an intrusion?
- A. Periodically reviewing log files
- B. Configuring the router as a firewall
- C. Using smart cards with one-time passwords
- D. Installing biometrics-based authentication
Answer: A
Explanation:
Explanation
Periodically reviewing log files is the most effective way to detect intrusion attempts from outside the organization, as they can provide evidence of unauthorized access attempts, source IP addresses, timestamps and other relevant information. Using smart cards with one-time passwords or installing biometrics-based authentication can prevent unauthorized access, but not detect it. Configuring the router as a firewall can block unwanted traffic, but not log it. References: ISACA, CISA Review Manual, 27th Edition, 2018, page 361
NEW QUESTION # 630
Which of the following types of transmission media provide the BEST security against unauthorized access?
- A. Fiberoptic cables
- B. Twisted pair
- C. Coaxial cables
- D. Copper wire
Answer: A
Explanation:
Explanation/Reference:
Explanation:
Fiberoptic cables have proven to be more secure than the other media. Satellite transmission and copper wire can be violated with inexpensive equipment. Coaxial cable can also be violated more easily than other transmission media.
NEW QUESTION # 631
Which of the following would be the BEST criteria for monitoring an IT vendor's service levels?
- A. Service auditor's report
- B. Interview with vendor
- C. Performance metrics
- D. Surprise visit to vendor
Answer: C
Explanation:
Explanation
The best criteria for monitoring an IT vendor's service levels are the performance metrics, as they provide quantifiable and measurable indicators of how well the vendor is delivering the agreed-upon services, such as availability, reliability, quality, timeliness, and customer satisfaction. A service auditor's report is a document that provides an independent opinion on the vendor's controls and processes, but it may not reflect the actual service levels or performance. A surprise visit to the vendor may help to verify the vendor's compliance and operations, but it may not be feasible or effective for monitoring the service levels on a regular basis. An interview with the vendor may help to obtain feedback and insights from the vendor's perspective, but it may not be objective or reliable for monitoring the service levels. References: CISA Review Manual (Digital Version), Chapter 2: Governance and Management of IT, Section 2.4: IT Service Delivery and Support
NEW QUESTION # 632
An external audit firm was engaged to perform a validation and verification review for a systems implementation project. The IS auditor identifies that regression testing is not part of the project plan and was not performed by the systems implementation team. According to the team, the parallel testing being performed is sufficient, making regression testing unnecessary. What should be the auditor's NEXT step?
- A. Evaluate the extent of the parallel testing being performed
- B. Recommend regression testing be conducted by the systems implementation team
- C. Recommend integration and stress testing be conducted by the systems implementation team
- D. Conclude that parallel testing is sufficient and regression testing is not needed
Answer: B
Explanation:
Regression testing is crucial to ensure that new changes do not negatively impact existing functionalities. The IS auditor should recommend that regression testing be conducted to confirm that the system operates correctly after changes are made.
References
* ISACA CISA Review Manual 27th Edition, Page 256-257 (Testing Strategies)
NEW QUESTION # 633
A confidential file was sent to a legal entity, and hashing was used on the file. Which type of control has been applied?
- A. Preventive
- B. Compensating
- C. Detective
- D. Corrective
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION # 634
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