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NEW QUESTION 140
Wet H2S services or _________ acid services are process where hydrogen diffuses into the steel and hydrogen embrittlement (HE) is an issue.
- A. HCL
- B. Sulfuric
- C. Caustic
- D. HF
Answer: D
NEW QUESTION 141
Which of the following materials are the least susceptible to caustic embrittlement?
- A. 9Cr-0.5 Mo
- B. Carbon steel
- C. Stainless steel
- D. Nickel base alloys
Answer: D
NEW QUESTION 142
In pressure containing equipment, SOHIC and SCC damage is most often associated with __________.
- A. Internals
- B. Weldments
- C. Branches
- D. None of the above
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION 143
To prevent hydrogen embrittlement, use lower strength steels and _________ to temper the microstructure, improve ductility and reduce residual stresses.
- A. Preheat
- B. PWHT
- C. All of the above
- D. Alloys
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION 144
For furnaces, to prevent PASCC, keep the firebox heated above the dewpoint to keep ________ from forming.
- A. Moisture
- B. Corrosion
- C. Acids
- D. Water
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION 145
Stainless steels with sigma can normally withstand normal operating stresses but upon cooling to temperatures below _______ may show a complete lack of fracture toughness as measured by a Charpy impact test.
- A. 600(o) F
- B. 800(o) F
- C. 400(o) F
- D. 500(o) F
Answer: D
NEW QUESTION 146
Which of the following are susceptible to thermal fatigue?
- A. SA-182 Gr B
- B. SA-516-70
- C. SA-53 Gr B
- D. All of the above
Answer: D
NEW QUESTION 147
When carbon is absorbed into a material at elevated temperatures while in contact with a carbonaceous substance it is called carburization. Temperatures usually have to be above __________ for this to occur.
- A. 1100º F
- B. 1200º F
- C. 1000º F
- D. 1400º F
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION 148
Weld heat affected zone graphitization is most frequently found in the heataffected zone adjacent to welds in a narrow band, corresponding to the low temperature edge of the heat affected zone, In multi-pass welded butt joints, these zones overlap each other covering the entire cross section. Because of its appearance, this type of graphitization is called________.
- A. Half-moon
- B. Radii
- C. None of the above
- D. Eyebrow
Answer: D
NEW QUESTION 149
Cracking can occur at low caustic levels if a concentrating mechanism is present. In such cases, caustic concentrations of ________ ppm are sufficient to cause cracking.
- A. 200-250
- B. 100-150
- C. 50-100
- D. 150-200
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION 150
If wet electrodes or high moisture content flux weld electrodes are used to weld carbon steel, hydrogen can be charged into the steel resulting in _________.
- A. All of the above
- B. Loss of ductility
- C. Delayed cracking
- D. Reduced tensile strength
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION 151
Cooling water corrosion and __________ are closely related and should be considered together.
- A. Erosion
- B. Fouling
- C. Stress
- D. Velocity
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION 152
Which of the following is not a primary factor contributing to erosion?
- A. Size of impacting particles
- B. Velocity of impacting particles
- C. Impact angle (angle that impacting particles strike metal)
- D. Density of impacting particles
- E. Corrosiveness of the environment
Answer: E
NEW QUESTION 153
____________ is the reduction in toughness due to a metallurgical change that can occur in some low alloy steels as a result of long-term exposure in the temperature range of about 650º F to 1100º F.
- A. Spheroidization
- B. Graphitization
- C. Temper embrittlement
- D. Hardening
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION 154
Creep damage is found in high temperature equipment operating above the ________. Fired heater tubes and components, Catalytic reactors, FCC reactors and FCC fractionator and regenerator internals all operate in or near this.
- A. MADT
- B. Creep range
- C. Transition range
- D. None of the above
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION 155
PWHT is ___________ in preventing caustic SCC.
- A. Not practical
- B. Not effective
- C. None of the above
- D. Effective
Answer: D
NEW QUESTION 156
At elevated temperatures, dissimilar weld metal cracking is aggravated by the diffusion of carbon out of the weld metal and into the base metal. The temperature at which carbon diffusion becomes a concern is above
________.
- A. 750º F
- B. 700º F
- C. 800º F
- D. 900º F
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION 157
A fatigue fracture is brittle and the cracks are most often __________.
- A. Transgranular
- B. Parallel
- C. Intergranular
- D. Transverse
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION 158
Carbonate stress corrosion cracking usually occurs at welds or cold worked areas that __________.
- A. Have not been stressed relieved
- B. Have high-applied stress
- C. Have high residual stress
- D. Have been stressed relieved
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION 159
Corrosion rates of the anode can be high if there is a _______ anode to cathode ratio.
- A. Small
- B. None of the above
- C. Severe
- D. Large
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION 160
What standard refers to Fitness-For-Service evaluations?
- A. RP 588
- B. RP 568
- C. RP 579
- D. RP 581
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION 161
Dissimilar weld metal cracking forms at the toe of the weld in the heat affected zone of the ________ material.
- A. Ferritic
- B. Martensitic
- C. Austenitic
- D. Both B and C
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION 162
The endurance limit is usually about:
- A. 40-50% of a material's yield strength.
- B. 10-20% of a material's ultimate tensile strength.
- C. Half way up the ladder of a 150' column (tower).
- D. 40-50% of a material's ultimate tensile strength
- E. 10-20% of a material's yield strength.
Answer: D
NEW QUESTION 163
For some materials such as titanium, carbon steel and low alloy steel, the number of cycles to fatigue fracture decreases with ________ until an endurance limit is reached. Below this endurance limit, fatigue cracking will not occur, regardless of the number of cycles.
- A. Pressure decreases
- B. None of the above
- C. Temperature increases
- D. Stress endurance
Answer: D
NEW QUESTION 164
Corrosion under insulation becomes more severe at metal temperatures between ________ and ________, where water is less likely to vaporize and insulation stays wet longer.
- A. 114(o) C, 132(o) C
- B. 100(o) C, 121(o) C
- C. 92(o) C, 116(o) C
- D. None of the above
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION 165
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